Biotechnological Applications in Agriculture:
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs): Organisms whose genes have been altered for improved performance.
Bt Cotton: Cotton plants with genes from Bacillus thuringiensis that code for pest resistance.
Golden Rice: Genetically engineered to produce vitamin A.
Transgenic Animals: Animals that have had foreign DNA inserted into their genome.
Biotechnological Applications in Medicine:
Recombinant DNA Technology: Used to make medicines and vaccines.
Gene Therapy: Treating diseases by introducing, removing, or changing genetic material. Used in treating ADA (Adenosine deaminase) deficiency.
Molecular Diagnostics: Using probes to detect mutations.
Genetically Engineered Insulin:
Human insulin produced by E. coli bacteria, ensuring humans do not have to rely on animal insulin.
Gene Cloning for Factor VIII:
Helps in treating hemophilia.
ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay):
Test for detecting and quantifying substances such as peptides, proteins, antibodies, and hormones.
RNA Interference (RNAi):
Cellular mechanism that prevents the expression of a certain gene.
Has applications in treating diseases and agricultural improvements.
Biotechnological Applications in Environment:
Biomining: Using microbes to extract minerals from ores.
Bioremediation: Using microbes to break down environmental pollutants.
Examples include the breakdown of pesticides and plastic.
Ethical Concerns:
GMOs, cloning, and other biotechnological applications have raised ethical, environmental, and health concerns.
Proper testing and regulation are essential to ensure safety.FULL VIDEO EXPLANATION
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